How to Improve Fault Tolerance in Disaster Predictions: A Case Study about Flash Floods Using IoT, ML and Real Data

. 2018 Mar 19;18(3):907. doi: 10.3390/s18030907

Algorithm 1 Leader Election Algorithm.

1:
$Kopt \leftarrow \sqrt{\frac{n}{2 \times π}} \times \frac{2}{0.765}$
2:
$Popt \leftarrow \frac{K o p t}{n}$
3:
$ThresholdLEACH \leftarrow \frac{P o p t}{1 - P o p t \times (r m o d (\frac{1}{P o p t}))}$
4:
$MaxNumberElection \leftarrow GetMaxNumberOfElections ()$
5:
$ElectionCounter \leftarrow 0$
6:
while “Node without a leader” do
7:
$ThresholdEnergy \leftarrow \frac{G e t C u r r e n t B a t t e r y P o w e r L e v e l ()}{G e t F u l l B a t t e r y P o w e r L e v e l ()}$
8:
$Threshold \leftarrow T h r e s h o l d L E A C H \times α + T h r e s h o l d E n e r g y \times (1 - α)$
9:
$RandomNumber \leftarrow random (0, 1)$
10:
$ElectionCounter \leftarrow ElectionCounter + 1$
11:
if $R a n d o m N u m b e r < T h r e s h o l d or E l e c t i o n C o u n t e r > M a x N u m b e r E l e c t i o n then$
12:
$SetNodeAsLeader ()$
13:
else
14:
$wait (r a n d o m (0, 1))$
15:
end if
16:
end while