Table 4.

Results of full-factorial, mixed-model ANOVAs including species as a random effect, treatment as a fixed effect, and measures of gas exchange physiology, chlorophyll fluorescence, and growth as dependent variables. R_dark, I_comp, NPQ, leaf, root, and stem biomass were ln-transformed to achieve normality. Degrees of freedom (df), F-statistics, and p-values are given. Asterisks denote significance (* p≤0.05, ** p≤0.01, *** p≤0.001).

Response	Effect	df	F	p
Icomp	Treatment	3	13.07	<0.001	***
(μmol photons m−2 s−1)	Species × Treatment	9	1.01	0.447
Imax	Treatment	3	3.15	0.034	*
(μmol photons m−2 s−1)	Species × Treatment	9	2.10	0.048	*
Rdark	Treatment	3	11.53	<0.001	***
(μmol CO2 m−2 s−1)	Species × Treatment	9	2.22	0.037	*
ΦPSII	Treatment	3	10.14	<0.001	***
(μmol CO2 μmol−1 photons)	Species × Treatment	9	2.51	0.019	*
Amax	Treatment	3	3.17	0.033	*
(μmol CO2 m−2 s−1)	Species × Treatment	9	2.35	0.028	*
Asat	Treatment	3	5.43	0.003	**
(μmol CO2 m−2 s−1)	Species × Treatment	9	1.89	0.076
NPQ	Treatment	3	0.42	0.742
	Species × Treatment	9	2.32	0.029	*
Fv:Fm	Treatment	3	9.26	<0.001	***
	Species × Treatment	9	2.20	0.039	*
Total biomass	Treatment	3	10.93	<0.001	***
(g)	Species × Treatment	9	2.83	0.009	**
Leaf biomass	Treatment	3	28.32	<0.001	***
(g)	Species × Treatment	9	9.70	<0.001	***
Stem biomass	Treatment	3	3.27	0.038	*
(g)	Species × Treatment	3	3.38	0.034	*
Root biomass	Treatment	3	11.92	<0.001	***
(g)	Species × Treatment	9	1.85	0.082