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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Orthop Res. 2017 Nov 22;36(2):699–710. doi: 10.1002/jor.23779

Figure 4. Reduced osteophyte formation in unloaded injured hindlimbs.

Figure 4

(A) Representative H&E stained images for ground control (GC) and hindlimb unloaded (HLU) chondro/osteophytes and fracture calluses 7 and 14 days after injury (F = femur, T = tibia, FC = fracture callus). Osteophyte and fracture callus areas outlined in black. Scale bar = 1 mm. (B) HLU reduced osteophyte and fracture callus size. HLU fracture callus areas were not significantly different between time points, but were significantly less than ground control callus areas at each time point (p=0.0077). Similarly, HLU chondro/osteophyte areas were not significantly different at each time point, but were significantly lower than ground control areas at day 14 (p=0.0009). Fracture callus data not connected by the same letter are significantly different. Asterisk indicates that osteophyte area for GC mice at day 14 is significantly greater than all other ACL rupture groups. (C) HLU affected ossification percentage in fracture calluses, but not osteophytes. HLU fracture calluses were significantly lower in ossification percentage at day 7 compared to GC calluses, but the two groups were not significantly different by day 14 (p=0.0042). Conversely, HLU did not affect ossification percentage for osteophytes. Fracture callus data not connected by the same letter are significantly different. # indicates that osteophyte ossification percentages varied by time point (p<0.0001). Both area and ossification percentage were significantly different depending on injury type (p<0.0001). Data is presented as mean ± SD.