Table 3.

Bivariate Results – Manager Confidence and Beliefs

	DEPENDENT VARIABLES
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES	Support servers’ decisions to cut off intoxicated	Get other managers to consistently enforce policies	Can deal with an angry customer who has been cut off	Developed and communicated steps to cut off intoxicated
General Manager Characteristics	Percent of managers who strongly agree (at each level of independent variable)
Position
Owner	92	91	77	47*
Manager	85	87	76	40
Assistant/Other	85	86	70	28
Age
Under age 35	84	87	74	34
Age 35 +	89	89	76	43
Years in position
<1	82	86	79	32*
1–5	86	86	74	35
>5	91	92	74	48
Years in industry
≤10	83	89	66*	36
10+	89	88	78	41
Establishment will be cited for overservice
Strongly agree	92*	94*	81*	49*
Other	80	77	64	23
Establishment Characteristics	Percent of managers who strongly agree (at each level of independent variable)
Type
Independent	87	89	73*	39
Corporate	91	82	86	45
Staff turnover
≤25%	89	87	72*	44*
>25%	85	91	83	30
Number of managers
<4	88	89	74	40
4+	87	86	78	40
Number of servers
0–9	90	90	73	37
10–19	88	91	75	38
20+	85	85	76	44

^*Significant at p < .05 (chi square)