Table 3.
Comparison between mothers who vaccinated their girls and those who did not with respect to different aspects of the girls’ sexual life and the mothers’ knowledge about cervical cancer, HPV, and the vaccine
| Parameters | Total responders, n (%) | Number of mothers with vaccinated girls, n (%) | Number of mothers with non-vaccinated girls, n (%) | Chi-square value | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The girl received all childhood vaccines | 1,193 | 30 (2.5) | 1,163 (97.5) | ||
| Yes | 1,029 (86.3) | 28 (2.7) | 1,001 (97.3) | * | 0.417 |
| Girls’ expected age of marriage, years | 1,070 | 27 (2.5) | 1,043 (97.5) | ||
| <20 | 42 (3.9) | 0 | 42 (100) | 8.2 | 0.042 |
| 20–25 | 939 (87.8) | 21 (2.2) | 918 (97.8) | ||
| 26–30 | 87 (8.1) | 6 (6.9) | 81 (92.1) | ||
| >30 | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 2 (100) | ||
| A girl might be sexually active before marriage | 1,175 | 29 (2.5) | 1,146 (97.5) | ||
| Yes | 10 (0.9) | 0 | 10 (100) | * | 1.00 |
| No | 1,165 (99.1) | 29 (2.5) | 1,136 (97.5) | ||
| Belief that the future son in law would have a premarital sexual experience | 1,140 | 27 (2.4) | 1,113 (97.6) | ||
| Yes | 208 (18.2) | 5 (2.4) | 203 (97.6) | 4.7 | 0.095 |
| No | 932 (81.8) | 22 (2.4) | 910 (97.6) | ||
| Belief that marriage is always monogamous from both partners | 1,168 | 30 (2.6) | 1,138 (97.4) | ||
| Yes | 875 (74.9) | 23 (2.6) | 852 (97.4) | 0.2 | 0.913 |
| No | 293 (25.1) | 7 (2.4) | 286 (97.6) | ||
| Knowledge about HPV vaccine | 1,193 | 30 (2.5) | 1,163 (97.5) | ||
| Yes | 408 (34.2) | 30 (7.4) | 378 (92.6) | * | <0.0001 |
| No | 785 (65.8) | 0 | 785 (100.0) | ||
| Knowledge about cervical cancer | 1,192 | 30 (2.6) | 1,162 (97.4) | ||
| Yes | 858 (72) | 30 (3.5) | 828 (96.5) | * | <0.0001 |
| No | 334 (28) | 0 | 334 (100) | ||
| Knowledge about warts | 1,193 | 30 (2.5) | 1,163 (97.5) | ||
| Yes | 310 (26) | 17 (5.5) | 293 (94.5) | 15.1 | <0.0001 |
| No | 883 (74) | 13 (1.5) | 870 (98.5) | ||
| Knowledge about the sexual transmission of HPV | 1,193 | 30 (2.5) | 1,163 (97.5) | ||
| Yes | 310 (26) | 17 (5.5) | 293 (94.5) | 15.0 | <0.0001 |
| No | 883 (74) | 13 (1.5) | 870 (98.5) | ||
| Family history of cervical cancer | 1,193 | 30 (2.5) | 1,163 (97.5) | ||
| Yes | 80 (6.7) | 0 | 80 (100) | * | 0.257 |
| No | 1,113 (93.3) | 30 (2.7) | 1,083 (97.3) | ||
| Source of information about cervical cancer | 857 | 30 (3.5) | 827 (96.5) | ||
| Obstetrician | 569 (66.4) | 18 (3.2) | 551 (96.8) | 34.0 | <0.0001 |
| Pediatrician | 88 (10.3) | 12 (13.6) | 76 (86.4) | ||
| Social media and educational audio–visual programs | 150 (17.5) | 0 | 150 (100) | ||
| Family history | 37 (4.3) | 0 | 37 (100) | ||
| Other | 13 (1.5) | 0 | 13 (100) | ||
| Pediatrician offering HPV vaccine | 1,193 | 30 (2.5) | 1,163 (97.5) | ||
| Yes | 264 (22.1) | 28 (10.6) | 236 (89.4) | * | <0.0001 |
| No | 929 (77.9) | 2 (0.2) | 927 (99.8) | ||
| Belief that the vaccine is not safea | 1,163 | NA | 1,163 (100) | ||
| Yes | 136 (11.7) | NA | 136 (100) | – | – |
| No | 1,027 (88.3) | NA | 1,027 (100) | ||
| Belief that the vaccine is not effectivea | 1,163 | NA | 1,163 (100) | ||
| Yes | 34 (2.9) | NA | 34 (100) | – | – |
| No | 1,129 (97.1) | NA | 1,129 (100) | ||
| Belief that the vaccine is unaffordablea | 1,163 | NA | 1,163 (100) | ||
| Yes | 168 (14.4) | NA | 168 (100) | – | – |
| No | 995 (85.6) | NA | 995 (100) | ||
| Monthly family income (USD) | 866 | 16 (1.8) | 850 (98.2) | ||
| <450 | 139 (16.1) | 1 (0.7) | 138 (99.3) | 1.2 | 0.757 |
| 450–1,000 | 289 (33.4) | 6 (2.1) | 283 (97.9) | ||
| 1,000–2,000 | 253 (29.2) | 5 (2) | 248 (98) | ||
| >2,000 | 185 (21.4) | 4 (2.2) | 181 (97.8) |
Notes:
*
Fisher’s exact test was used;
a
These questions were asked only to mothers of non-vaccinated girls.
Abbreviations: NA, not available; USD, US dollars.