| ADSC | Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| ARS | Alizarin red S |
| DW | Distilled water |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| ITO | Indium tin oxide |
| GNP | Gold nanoparticle |
| GO | Graphene oxide |
| PDMS | Polydimethylsilozane |
| RGD | Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid |
| RT-qPCR | Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction |
| RUNX2 | Runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |
| SiNPs | Silica nanoparticles |
| XPS | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
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