Table 1.
Summary of the most significant global effects of foods and food products containing ETs and ANCs on biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk.
| SDM (p-Value) | 95% CI | n | NT | I2 (%) | GRADE 1 | DM (p-Value) | 95% CI | n | NT | I2 (%) | GRADE | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WC | −0.30 (0.008) | (−0.52, −0.08) | 23 | 1023 | 63.4 | Moderate 2 | WC (cm) | −1.22 (0.005) | (−2.07, −0.36) | 22 | 972 | 37.5 | Moderate 2 |
| T-C | −0.17 (0.001) | (−0.27, −0.07) | 109 | 3991 | 54.5 | Moderate 2 | T-C (mmol/L) | −0.10 (0.013) | (−0.18, −0.02) | 103 | 3673 | 70.6 | Moderate 2 |
| SBP | −0.20 (0.000) | (−0.28, −0.12) | 95 | 3539 | 25.0 | High | SBP (mm Hg) | −1.56 (0.000) | (−2.13, −0.99) | 83 | 3175 | 0.00 | High |
| DBP | −0.19 (0.000) | (−0.26, −0.11) | 99 | 3790 | 27.9 | High | DBP (mm Hg) | −1.42 (0.000) | (−2.08, −0.76) | 90 | 3473 | 41.6 | Moderate 2 |
| HDL-C | +0.11 (0.034) | (0.01, 0.21) | 99 | 3581 | 53.1 | Low 2,3 | HDL-C (mmol/L) | +0.03 (0.062) | (0.00, 0.05) | 92 | 3239 | 61.6 | Moderate 2 |
| FMD | +0.20 (NS) | (−0.17, 0.57) | 22 | 563 | 73.8 | Low 2,3 | FMD (%) | +0.64 (0.027) | (0.07, 1.20) | 21 | 547 | 82.2 | Low 2,3 |
Significant: p-value 0.05; Marginally Significant (0.05 ≤ p-value 0.1). SDM: standardized difference in means; DM: Difference in means; CI: confidence intervals; n: total number of studies; NT: total number of participants; I2: Heterogeneity Index; WC: Waist Circumference; T-C: Total Cholesterol; HDL-C: High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure; DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure; FMD: Flow Mediated Dilation. 1 GRADE quality of evidence downgraded from high to moderate or low in the presence of serious risk of bias across studies and (or) serious risk of reporting bias; 2 serious risk of bias across studies: more than 50% of the studies had unclear allocation concealment, no double-blind studies and unclear reporting of dropouts; 3 serious risk of reporting bias: Eggert p-value 0.05 and more than 50% of small studies with limited number of participants.