Table 4.
Comparative summary of the most significant effects on biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk of: (a) the ET-containing products after separation into the two main sources examined: pomegranate vs. nuts; (b) the ANC-containing products after stratification by the source of bioactive compounds: berries vs. red wine and red grapes.
| (a) | ET-Containing Products | ||||||||
| Source | Pomegranate | Nuts | |||||||
| SDM (p-Value) | n | DM (p-Value) | n | SDM (p-Value) | n | DM (p-Value) | n | Comparison between Subgroups (Q Statistic, p-Value) | |
| WC (cm) | −0.20 (NS) | 1 | −3.90 (NS) | 1 | −0.78 (0.027) | 6 | −1.51 (0.038) | 5 | SDM: 0.40, NS DM: 0.08, NS |
| T-C (mmol/L) | −0.04 (NS) | 11 | −0.02 (NS) | 11 | −0.32 (0.000) | 17 | −0.098 (0.000) | 15 | SDM: 10.83, 0.001 DM: 3.31, 0.069 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | −0.07 (NS) | 10 | −0.05 (NS) | 10 | −0.26 (0.047) | 16 | −0.11 (0.000) | 14 | SDM: 1.31, NS DM: 0.66, NS |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | +0.11 (NS) | 10 | +0.01 (NS) | 10 | +0.14 (NS) | 13 | +0.03 (0.029) | 11 | SDM: 0.09, NS DM: 0.30, NS |
| TAGs (mmol/L) | −0.05 (NS) | 10 | −0.01 (NS) | 10 | −0.33 (0.031) | 16 | −0.11 (0.000) | 14 | SDM: 1.44, NS DM: 1.10, NS |
| SBP (mm Hg) | −0.09 (NS) | 8 | −0.26 (NS) | 6 | −0.13 (NS) | 13 | −1.63 (NS) | 9 | SDM: 0.03, NS DM: 0.03, NS |
| DBP (mm Hg) | −0.46 (0.000) | 8 | −4.31 (0.000) | 8 | +0.06 (NS) | 12 | +0.58 (0.004) | 10 | SDM: 12.95, 0.000 DM: 17.32, 0.000 |
| FMD (%) | +0.71 (NS) | 1 | +0.05 (NS) | 1 | +0.58 (0.058) | 2 | +1.04 (0.053) | 2 | SDM: 0.07, NS DM: 3.37, NS |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | −0.10 (NS) | 7 | −0.09 (NS) | 7 | −0.36 (0.079) | 8 | −0.14 (0.061) | 8 | SDM: 1.17, NS DM: 0.10, NS |
| (b) | ANC-Containing Products | ||||||||
| Source | Berries | Red Wine/Red Grapes | |||||||
| SDM (p-Value) | n | DM (p-Value) | n | SDM (p-Value) | n | DM (p-Value) | n | Comparison between Subgroups (Q Statistic, p-Value) | |
| T-C (mmol/L) | −0.21 (0.021) | 38 | −0.16 (0.093) | 35 | −0.14 (NS) | 44 | −0.06 (NS) | 43 | SDM: 0.30, NS DM: 0.70, NS |
| SBP (mm Hg) | −0.25 (0.000) | 38 | −2.41 (0.000) | 34 | −0.21 (0.000) | 36 | −3.31 (0.014) | 34 | SDM: 0.11, NS DM: 0.35, NS |
| DBP (mm Hg) | −0.25 (0.001) | 42 | −1.57 (0.002) | 37 | −0.16 (0.000) | 39 | −1.50 (0.002) | 35 | SDM: 0.80, NS DM: 0.06, NS |
| FMD (%) | +0.46 (NS) | 9 | +1.39 (0.011) | 8 | −0.19 (NS) | 10 | −0.73 (NS) | 10 | SDM: 2.89, NS DM: 5.68, NS |
| Hb1Ac | −0.63 (0.044) | 7 | −0.20 (0.040) | 6 | +0.97 (0.038) | 7 | +0.26 (0.026) | 7 | SDM: 8.59, 0.003 DM: 9.41, 0.002 |
WC: Waist Circumference; T-C: Total Cholesterol; LDL-C: Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; HDL-C: High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; TAGs: Triglycerides; SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure; DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure; FMD: Flow Mediated Dilation; Hb1Ac: Glycated Haemoglobin; n: total number of studies included in the analysis; SDM: standardized difference in means (relative values); DM: Difference in means (units as indicated per each biomarker).