Table 2.

Study design, cellular model, and neuronal cell types.

Ref.	Study Design	BD vs. Controls	Model	Major Cell Type(s)
[63]	BD I (LR)—control	3 vs. 3	iPSC	Forebrain, mixed glutamatergic—GABAergic neurons
[64]	BD I—control	12 vs. 6	iNLC	NSC, NPC, neuronal-like cells
[65]	Familial BD	2 vs. 2	iPSC	FACS-sorted NPCs, neurons
[66]	BD I—control	6 vs. 4	iPSC	Hippocampal dentate gyrus-like granule neurons
[67]	BD I—control	1 vs. 1 5 vs. 3	iPSC iNLC	NPC, NPC-derived neurons transdifferentiated neurons
[68]	Familial BD	4 vs. 4	iPSC	PAX6-positive NPC, early and late cortical neurons
[69]	BD I (LR-NR)—control	3 vs. 3 vs. 4	iPSC	Hippocampal dentate gyrus-like granule neurons
[70]	BD I (LR-NR)—control—MDD—PD	7 vs. 3 vs. 6 vs. 2 vs. 1	iPSC	Forebrain, mixed glutamatergic—GABAergic neurons
[71]	BD I—control	6 vs. 4	iPSC	Cortical stem and progenitor cells

BD I, bipolar disease type I; FACS, fluorescence activated cell sorting; iNLC, induced neuron-like cells; iPSC, induced pluripotent stem cell; MDD, unipolar major depression; LR, lithium responder; NPC, neural progenitor cell; NSC, neural stem cell; NR, lithium non-responder; PD, Parkinson disease.