| DM | Diabetes Mellitus |
| T1D | Type 1 Diabetes |
| T2D | Type 2 Diabetes |
| GDM | Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
| HLA | Human leukocyte antigen |
| PTPN22 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 |
| IL-2RA | Interleukin 2-receptor alpha |
| GWAS | Genome wide association studies |
| SNP | Single nucleotide polymorphism |
| GAD65 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform 65 |
| IA-2 | Tyrosine phosphatase-like insulinoma-associated antigen |
| IGRP | Islet-specific glucose-6—phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein |
| TCR | T cell receptor |
| Th | T helper |
| Treg | T regulatory cells |
| IL | Interleukin |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor α |
| IFN | Interferon |
| Foxp3 | Forkhead box P3 |
| BCR | B cell receptor |
| NO | Nitric oxide |
| DC | Dendritic cells |
| APC | Antigen-presenting cell |
| pDC | Plasmocytoid dendritic cell |
| NK | Natural killer |
| NKT | NK-like T |
| KIR | Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor |
| HSC | Hematopoietic stem cell |
| GM-CSF | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor |
| MIP | Macrophage inflammatory protein |
| NKR | NK receptor |
| MHC | Major Histocompatibility Complex |
| MHC I | Major Histocompatibility Complex class I |
| NOD | Non obese diabetic |
| CTLA-4 | Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 |
| CD62L | L-selecting |
| CTL | Cytotoxic T lymphocyte |
| PBMC | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
| LADA | Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults |
| NCR | Natural cytotoxicity receptor |
| KLRC3 | Kinase light chain 3 |
| ILT2 | Ig-like transcript 2 |
| HCMV | Human cytomegalovirus |
| PC | Plasma cell |