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. 2018 Mar 12;19(3):825. doi: 10.3390/ijms19030825

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Mechanisms and chondro-protective effects of DXM were verified in human OA chondrocytes. (A) Human OA chondrocytes were co-treated with TNF-α (5 ng/mL) and various doses of DXM for 24 h. Total cell lysate and supernatants were analyzed for pro-MMP-13 and Col II expression with Western blots. (B) Chondrocytes were treated with TNF-α (5 ng/mL) and various doses of DXM for 8 h. The mRNA levels of MMP-13 were determined by real-time RT-PCR. (C) Chondrocytes were pretreated with various doses of DXM for 2 h, and then the cells were stimulated with TNF-α for 15 min. Total cell lysates were analyzed with Western blots (for pIKKα/β, IKKα and β-actin expression). (D) In parallel, the expression of p-c-Jun, c-Jun, p-JNK, and JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) in total cell lysates was determined. Data were shown as representative data from at least three independent experiments of different donors. Values are the means ± S.E.M. and significance (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001) was analyzed by one-way ANOVA.