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Pathway of miRNA biogenesis. In the nucleus RNA polymerase I or II synthesizes primary miRNA. Then, pri-miRNA are processed into pre-miRNA hairpins by the Drosha DGCR8 microprocessor. Pre-miRNA is exported into the cytoplasm by the transport protein Exportin 5. In the next step, the Dicer endonuclease create a miRNA duplex. The mature miRNA guides the RISC to target mRNA to inhibit the translation.
