| AR | androgen receptor |
| CRPC | castration-resistant prostate cancer |
| PSA | prostate specific antigen |
| EMT | epithelial-mesenchymal-transition |
| MET | mesenchymal epithelial-transition |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor-β |
| DHT | dihydrotestosterone |
| ADT | androgen deprivation therapy |
| CDK | cyclin dependent kinases |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| MDSCs | Myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| CAFs | Cancer-associated fibroblasts |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| IGF | insulin growth factor |
| IGFBP3 | Insulin growth factor binding protein-3 |
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