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. 2001 Sep 18;98(20):11644–11649. doi: 10.1073/pnas.211205098

Figure 4.

Figure 4

M2- or naïve-mediated suppression of M1 HIV replication is independent of CCR5 ligands. Cells were sorted, infected, and stimulated as described in Figs. 1 and 2. (Top) Infected M1 cells were cocultured with either infected (filled symbols) or uninfected (empty symbols) M1, M2, or naïve cells as described in Fig. 3. MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES levels were measured 6 days after infection and stimulation. (Middle and Bottom) Infected M1 cells were cocultured with uninfected M2 or naïve cells, in the absence or presence of a mixture of neutralizing levels of anti-CCR5 ligand Abs (anti-MIP-1α, anti-MIP-1β, anti-RANTES; 50 μg/ml). RT activity was measured in culture supernatants 6 days after infection and stimulation in two independent experiments; data are the average of duplicate cultures for each. (Left) The absolute RT activity. (Right) Relative activity normalized to the amount observed in the comparable M1 culture. Although CCR5 ligands inhibit HIV replication by ≈50%, their action does not account for the total inhibition of viral replication observed in CD4 T cells nor by the activity expressed by naïve cells.