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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 20.
Published in final edited form as: Acc Chem Res. 2018 Feb 28;51(3):778–788. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00635

Table 1.

Representative Radiolabeled SiNPs for PET Imaging and Biomedical Applicationsa

SiNPs isotope half-life labeling strategy application ref
C dots 124I 4.2 days chelator-based molecular imaging 8, 30
C' dots 89Zr 78.4 h chelator-based/chelator-free molecular imaging 18
dSiO2 64Cu 12.7 h chelator-based imaging of LN metastasis 11
dSiO2 89Zr or 68Ga 78.4 h or 67.7 min chelator-free biodistribution/LN imaging 14
dSiO2 64Cu 12.7 h chelator-free LN imaging 13
MSN 18F 109.8 min in vivo labeling tumor imaging 23
MSN *As 72As, 26 h chelator-free biodistribution 31
MSN 45Ti 3.08 h chelator-free tumor imaging 32
MSN 64Cu 12.7 h chelator-based molecular imaging/drug delivery 9
MSN 89Zr 78.4 h chelator-free biodistribution 12
HMSN 64Cu 12.7 h chelator-based molecular imaging/drug delivery 28
HMSN 89Zr 78.4 h chelator-free theranostics 25
a

Note: C dots, Cornell dots; C' dots, Cornell prime dots; dSiO2, dense silica nanoparticles; MSN, mesoporous silica nanoparticles; HMSN, hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles; LN, lymph node. Molecular imaging, tumor diagnosis based on actively targeted imaging; tumor imaging, tumor diagnosis based on the EPR effect.