Table 3.

Association of race and strokes that occur after the diagnosis of AF

Ischemic Strokes*
Race	N	# ischemic stroke	Rate, %/yr (95% CI)	Rate difference (95% CI)	Unadjusted HR (95% Cl)	Adjusted† HR (95% Cl)
White	2058	145	1.50 (1.29, 1.77)	0.97 (0.49, 1.46); p<0.001	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
Black	1141	139	2.48 (2.10, 2.93)		1.66 (1.31, 2.09)	1.67 (1.30, 2.14)
Hemorrhagic Strokes*
Race	N	# hemorrhagic stroke	Rate, %/yr (95% CI)	Rate difference (95% CI)	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Adjusted† HR (95% CI)
White	1934	21	0.22 (0.15, 0.34)	−0.07 (−0.21, 0.07); p=0.13	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
Black	1010	8	0.15 (0.07, 0.30)		0.69 (0.31, 1.55)	0.72 (0.31, 1.70)

^*For these analyses, we used the total number of incident AF cases and excluded those who had a stroke event prior to the diagnosis of AF. For the ischemic stroke analysis, we further excluded those who had a hemorrhagic stroke. Similarly, for the hemorrhagic stroke analysis, we excluded those participants who had an ischemic stroke event.

^†Adjusted for age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, heart failure, coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, vascular disease, aspirin and warfarin use.