Table 1.
Sample description and self-report data.
| Y-BPD (N = 20) | Y-HC (N = 20) | A-BPD (N = 34) | A-HC (N = 32) | Y-BPD vs. Y-HC | group × age | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Std. | Mean | Std. | Mean | Std. | Mean | Std. | t | p | F | p | |
| Age (years) | 16.35 | 0.88 | 15.85 | 0.81 | 25.69 | 5.08 | 27.33 | 6.37 | t(38) = 1.87 | P = 0.069 | F(1, 101) = 1.36 | P = 0.246 |
| Raven | 50.55 | 4.55 | 52.89 | 4.65 | 53.46 | 4.29 | 53.40 | 4.43 | t(37) = −1.59 | P = 0.120 | F(1, 100) = 1.78 | P = 0.185 |
| ZAN-BPD total score | 17.40 | 5.86 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 11.76 | 4.86 | 0.39 | 0.80 | t(19) = 13.28 | P ≤ 0.001 | F(1, 101) = 15.64 | P ≤ 0.001 |
| AQ total score | 62.75 | 16.91 | 41.32 | 8.08 | 61.12 | 11.92 | 43.39 | 7.83 | t(33) = 4.91 | P ≤ 0.001 | F(1, 96) = 0.63 | P = 0.431 |
| STAXI trait anger | 21.19 | 8.31 | 14.11 | 4.47 | 23.82 | 5.87 | 14.40 | 3.58 | t(33) = 3.21 | p = 0.003 | F(1, 96) = 1.02 | P = 0.315 |
| DERS total score | 109.56 | 34.11 | 56.00 | 11.13 | 123.55 | 16.14 | 63.85 | 14.14 | t(17.69) = 6.02 | P ≤ 0.001 | F(1, 96) = 0.60 | P = 0.442 |
| BIS total score | 75.81 | 14.32 | 57.22 | 8.52 | 77.17 | 12.09 | 60.49 | 10.46 | t(23.84) = 4.53 | P ≤ 0.001 | F(1, 95) = 0.16 | P = 0.694 |
| FDS total score | 20.85 | 15.39 | 3.62 | 3.32 | 19.26 | 12.12 | 2.93 | 2.35 | t(15.04) = 4.26 | P = 0.001 | F(1, 95) = 0.05 | P = 0.824 |
| Lifetime | Current | Lifetime | Current | Lifetime | Current | Lifetime | Current | |||||
| Affective disorders | 12 (60%) | 10 (50%) | 0 | 0 | 31 (91%) | 11 (32%) | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Substance ass. disorders | 1 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 0 | 0 | 6 (18%) | 0 (0%) | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Anxiety disorders | 4 (20%) | 5 (25%) | 0 | 0 | 20 (59%) | 15 (44%) | 0 | 0 | ||||
| PTSD | 1 (5%) | 1 (5%) | 0 | 0 | 9 (27%) | 8 (24%) | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Somatoform disorders | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 | 0 | 5 (15%) | 5 (15%) | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Eating disorders | 8 (40%) | 4 (20%) | 0 | 0 | 20 (59%) | 13 (38%) | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Antisocial PD | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 | 0 | 1 (3%) | 1 (3%) | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Avoidant PD | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 | 0 | 0 (0%) | 0 (%) | 0 | 0 | ||||
Y-BPD, female adolescents with BPD; Y-HC, female adolescent healthy controls; A-BPD, female adults with BPD; A-HC, female adult healthy controls. ZAN-BPD, Zanarini Rating Scale for Borderline Personality Disorder; AQ, Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire; STAXI trait anger, trait scale of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory; DERS, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale; BIS, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; FDS, Fragebogen für dissoziative Symptome (FDS), which is the German version of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DERS); PTSD, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; PD, personality disorder.