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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Bone. 2018 Feb 26;110:335–342. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.02.021

Table 2.

MRI and MRS measures of femoral marrow content, as affected over 12 months by randomly assigned treatment (32 active drug or 30 placebo).

Measure† TE(msec) 12 mo. – baseline, mean ± SE
Active Placebo p
Lateral T1, msec — −2 ± 14 −25 ± 14 ‡
T2w, msec — −1.3 ± 1.4 −5.7 ± 1.3 0.02
Log10 T2unsat — −0.07 ± 0.05 −0.12 ± 0.04 ‡
Log10 T2sat — −0.03 ± 0.03 −0.03 ± 0.02 ‡
UI 30 0.002 ± 0.003 0.005 ± 0.003 0.63
60 −0.007 ± 0.003 −0.008 ± 0.003 0.86
Log10 Rsat 30 0.12 ± 0.03 0.04 ± 0.03 0.07
60 0.12 ± 0.07 0.26 ± 0.06 0.13
Log10 Runsat 30 0.11 ± 0.03 0.07 ± 0.03 0.37
60 0.07 ± 0.06 0.20 ± 0.06 0.12
Log10 Rtot 30 0.11 ± 0.03 0.04 ± 0.03 0.08
60 0.13 ± 0.06 0.24 ± 0.06 0.22
Medial T1, msec — −4 ± 13 −23 ± 13 0.34
T2w, msec — 4.1 ± 2.4 −3.8 ± 2.2 0.02
Log10 T2unsat — 0.12 ± 0.04 0.00 ± 0.04 0.04
Log10 T2sat — −0.03 ± 0.02 −0.00 ± 0.02 0.41
UI 30 −0.014 ± 0.004 −0.001 ± 0.004 0.02
60 −0.001 ± 0.003 −0.005 ± 0.003 0.35
Log10 Rsat 30 0.20 ± 0.05 0.15 ± 0.04 0.44
60 0.11 ± 0.07 0.22± 0.06 0.24
Log10 Runsat 30 0.13 ± 0.04 0.11 ± 0.04 0.74
60 0.08 ± 0.06 0.19 ± 0.05 0.18
Log10 Rtotal 30 0.21 ± 0.05 0.12 ± 0.05 0.19
60 0.10 ± 0.06 0.21 ± 0.06 0.19

Notes:

Rtotal: ratio of total lipid to water. Means and standard errors are adjusted for baseline age, body-mass index (BMI), physeal closure status, and serum concentration of DHEAS, estradiol, and leptin. p tests for equal 12-mo. change in the two trial arms.

†

Measures preceded by ‘Log10’ showed strongly skewed distributions and were log-transformed for analysis. Changes and standard errors for these measures are in log10 units. Each change of 0.10 unit corresponds to 1.26-fold (26%) increase or decrease; each 0.01 unit to a 1.02-fold (2%) increase or decrease.

‡

These measures displayed significant or near-significant effect modification by baseline BMI (BMI × arm × visit interaction). Adjusted mean changes are estimated at the median of the effect modifier (18.9 kg/m2). Active–Placebo difference depended on baseline BMI as detailed in Table 3. Effect modification by baseline BMI was non-significant for other measures.

Abbreviations: MRI: magnetic resonance imaging. MRS: magnetic resonance spectroscopy. UI: unsaturation index (ratio of olefin to total lipid). Rsat: ratio of saturated fat to water. Runsat: ratio of unsaturated fat to water.