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. 2018 Mar 7;285(1874):20180118. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0118

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© 2018 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 3. — Depression-like phenotypes of offspring sired by food restricted fathers. (a) Representative activity plots of female offspring behaviour during the forced-swim test from all four rearing conditions. (b) Female offspring of FR fathers (diamonds) compared with CF (circles) had reduced active swimming time in the last 4 min of a forced-swim test only when sired through ET. No effects of FR were found in males in either mating condition. (c) Female and male offspring of FR fathers (diamonds) consumed less sucrose compared with offspring of CF (circles) regardless of mating condition. (d) Offspring of FR fathers (diamonds) had higher Bdnf mRNA levels than CF offspring (circles) only if born under NM conditions. (e) Crf mRNA levels were elevated in offspring of FR (diamonds) compared with CF fathers (circles) if sired through ET (N = 15 per group). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.