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. 2018 Apr 2;22:10. doi: 10.1186/s40824-018-0120-3

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 2 — Enhancement of osteogenic differentiation on graphene substrates with/without BMP-2. (a) Optical image of graphene-coated Si/SiO₂ substrate. The boundary is shown for the graphene-coated part. (b) Osteocalcin (OCN) staining, a marker of osteogenic differentiation. Green = OCN, Blue = DAPI. (c, d) Alizarin Red S (ARS) quantification graphs during 15 days on substrates with/without graphene. (e-h) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate stained with ARS, showing calcium deposits due to osteogenic differentiation. Reprinted with permission from [11]. Copyright (2011) American Chemical Society