Table 3.

Descriptive Statistics and Balance Statistics for Matched Samples

Variable	Parent Ever Incarcerated		Parent Never Incarcerated		Post-Matching Diff. in Means (t)	% Bias
	Pre-Matching Mean	Post-Matching Mean	Pre-Matching Mean	Post-Matching Mean
Adolescent’s age	14.91	14.92	15.00	14.95	-0.43	1%
Adolescent is male	0.47	0.47	0.48	0.47	-0.10	0%
Black	0.34	0.33	0.22	0.33	-0.19	0%
Hispanic	0.16	0.16	0.15	0.18	-0.82	4%
Other non-White race / ethnicity	0.05	0.05	0.10	0.05	-0.10	0%
Household socioeconomic status	-0.24	-0.22	0.11	-0.23	0.49	2%
Parental economic hardship	0.24	0.24	0.17	0.25	-0.54	1%
Intact family during adolescence	0.21	0.22	0.58	0.21	0.67	3%
Number of siblings	1.13	1.13	1.21	1.13	0.25	1%
Mother-adolescent separation	0.30	0.28	0.13	0.28	0.04	0%
Father-adolescent separation	0.77	0.76	0.40	0.77	-0.51	3%
Maternal alcoholism	0.10	0.08	0.02	0.08	0.34	1%
Paternal alcoholism	0.40	0.37	0.12	0.36	0.38	2%
Mother-adolescent closeness	4.25	4.28	4.46	4.30	-0.11	1%
Father-adolescent closeness	3.13	3.18	3.90	3.18	0.13	1%
Childhood sexual abuse	0.19	0.19	0.13	0.20	-0.43	1%
Residential mobility	0.61	0.60	0.43	0.61	-0.57	2%
English-speaking household	0.94	0.94	0.90	0.94	0.43	1%
Immigrant	0.04	0.04	0.08	0.05	-0.80	2%
Low birth weight	0.18	0.18	0.14	0.17	0.47	2%
Mother’s age at adolescent’s birth	23.32	23.44	25.96	23.52	-0.47	1%
Neighborhood disorder	1.62	1.60	1.49	1.60	-0.06	2%
Years at current school	2.48	2.50	2.71	2.51	-0.14	0%
N	1,441	1,369	10,240	1,369

Source: National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health.

Note: Balance statistics shown for one-to-one matching without replacement (.005 caliper).