Table 2. Renal markers, enzymatic antioxidants and sRAGE in study participants upon stratification of glycaemic control status.
| Parameters | Overall significance of difference in medians | CKD patients | Non-CKD patients | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| χ2 | P | D-CKD (PGC) (n = 63) |
D-CKD (GGC) (n = 53) |
ND-CKD (n = 34) |
DM (PGC) (n = 26) |
DM (GGC) (n = 20) |
Non-DM (n = 18) |
|
| Urea (mmol/l) | 112.37 | <0.001 | 10.1 (3.9 to 24.9)b | 12.7 (3.9 to 34.0)c2 | 11.1 (3.7 to 27.0)d3 | 4.5 (2.6 to 10.7) | 4.7 (1.7 to 6.5) | 4.5 (2.1 to 9.7) |
| Serum creatinine (µmol/l) | 133.77 | <0.001 | 185.0 (103.0 to 363.0)b | 211.5 (117.0 to 567.0)c2 | 189.5 (86.0 to 481.0)d3 | 69.5 (40.0 to 98.0) | 74.5 (42.0 to 106.0) | 61.5 (43.0 to 92.0) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 136.03 | <0.001 | 30.9 (10.9 to 49.6)b | 25.2 (4.2 to 53.3)c2 | 31.0 (9.0 to 58.4)d3 | 86.3 (67.6 to 146.6) | 78.9 (65.5 to 132.2) | 91.0 (73.1 to 127.0) |
| GPx (nmol/min/ml) | 10.64 | Not significant | 94.2 (50.1 to 180.0) | 94.2 (57.7 to 177.4) | 97.6 (50.1 to 154.5) | 110.0 (70.5 to 145.2) | 103.6 (47.5 to 141.8) | 110.8 (75.6 to 155.4) |
| SOD (U/ml) | 54.34 | <0.001 | 17.1 (2.3 to 76.1)b | 15.9 (8.1 to 64.7)c2 | 16.6 (8.3 to 37.7)d2 | 24.4 (12.8 to 96.5)c2 | 35.7 (22.2 to 75.7)d1 | 26.0 (15.5 to 87.2) |
| sRAGE (pg/ml) | 37.61 | <0.001 | 1,086.0 (237.4 to 5,817.0)b | 1,113.0 (224.8 to 6,438.0)a,c2 | 870.9 (157.9 to 2,296.0) | 569.0 (249.9 to 1,702.0) | 536.9 (323.1 to 1,321.0) | 667.6 (297.9 to 1,115.0) |
Notes.
Data are expressed as median (range).
- χ2
- Chi-squared value
- P
- P-value
- D-CKD
- diabetic CKD patients
- ND-CKD
- non-diabetic CKD patients
- DM
- diabetic patients without
- CKD
- Non-DM, non-diabetic patients without CKD
- PGC
- poor glycaemic control with HbA1c >7%
- GGC
- good glycaemic control with HbA1c ≤7%
- eGFR
- estimated glomerular filtration rate
- GPx
- glutathione peroxidase
- SOD
- superoxide dismutase
- sRAGE
- soluble RAGE
a
P < 0.05 versus ND-CKD.
b
P < 0.001 versus DM (PGC).
c1
P < 0.01,
c2
P < 0.001 versus DM (GGC).
d1
P < 0.05,
d2
P < 0.01,
d3
P < 0.001 versus Non-DM.