Table 4.

Post-discharge outpatient addiction treatment and mutual help as mediators of the association between study arm and risky drinking days in the A-CHESS trial (n = 349)

	Dependent variable
	Post-discharge outpatient addiction treatment (Mediator)		Mutual help (Mediator)		Risky drinking days (Outcome)		Indirect effect
	b (95% CI)	p	b (95% CI)	p	b (95% CI)	p	b (95% CI)	p
Independent variable	Concurrent associations - b (95% CI)
A-CHESS (study arm)	0.11 (0.04–0.17)	0.002	0.07 (−0.01–0.15)	0.101	−0.60 (−1.04-−0.17)	0.007	--	--
Post-discharge outpatient addiction treatment	--	--	--	--	−1.16 (−1.85-−0.41)	0.002	−0.12 (−0.24-−0.01)	0.035
Post-discharge mutual help	--	--	--	--	−1.43 (−2.03-−0.83)	<0.001	−0.01 (−0.22-−0.03)	0.119
	Lagged associations - b (95% CI)
A-CHESS (study arm)	0.10 (0.02–0.18)	0.018	0.08 (−0.05–0.17)	0.064	−0.63 (−1.17-−0.09)	0.021	--	--
Post-discharge outpatient addiction treatment	--	--	--	--	−1.34 (−2.22-−0.45)	0.003	−0.13 (−0.27–0.01)	0.071
Post-discharge mutual help	--	--	--	--	−1.49 (−2.19-−0.79)	<0.001	−0.12 (−0.27–0.02)	0.094

Coefficients are displayed from Mplus models computed with the maximum likelihood robust estimator. Linear regression coefficients are shown for post-discharge outpatient addiction treatment and mutual help (the dependent variable was the person-level mean of service use follow-up periods) and Poisson regression coefficients are displayed for risky drinking days. Bolded values are statistically significant (p < 0.05). Models controlled for treatment site, interview month, age, gender, race, presence of mental health problems, prior addiction treatment, reasons for entering treatment, and within-person changes in service utilization. Race was dichotomized to white vs. other (collapsing black and other categories) due to empty bivariate cells. Within-person estimates for the associations between services utilization and risky drinking days are provided in Appendix D.