Table 4.
Targeted mutations that have been tested in mice
| Gene | Locusa | Description | Virulence geneb | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ureC | PMI3685 | Urease α-subunit | Y | 12, 39, 40, 43 |
| hpmA | PMI2057 | Hemolysin | N | 44, 47, 192 |
| mrpA | PMI0263 | Major mannose-resistant/Proteus-like fimbrial protein | Y | 43, 214, 226, 229, 232 |
| pmfA | PMI1877 | PMF major fimbrial subunit | Y | 213, 214, 241 |
| flaD | PMI1621 | Flagellar hook-associated protein 2 | Y | 44 |
| flaAB | PMI1619-20 | Flagellin 1 and flagellin 2 | N | 302 |
| mrpG | PMI0269 | MR/P fimbrial subunit | Y | 141 |
| zapA c | PMI0279 | Metalloprotease | Y | 129 |
| mrpH | PMI0270 | MR/P fimbrial adhesin | Y | 221 |
| atfA | PMI2728 | ATF major fimbrial subunit | N | 244 |
| mrpJ | PMI0271 | Fimbrial operon regulator | Y | 127, 132 |
| mrpI | PMI0262 | Fimbrial recombinase | Yd | 223 |
| luxS | PMI0379 | S-Ribosylhomocysteine lyase | N | 352 |
| ureR | PMI3681 | Urease operon transcriptional activator | Y | 172 |
| spa47 | PMI2692 | Type III secretion system ATPase | N | 143 |
| PMI0047 | Secreted 5′-nucleotidase | N | 183 | |
| rafY | PMI0288 | Putative glycoporin | N | 183 |
| PMI0842 | TonB-dependent receptor | Y | 183 | |
| fadL | PMI1810 | Long-chain fatty acid transport protein | N | 183 |
| PMI2596 | TonB-dependent receptor | Y | 183 | |
| pta | PMI2341 | Proteus toxic agglutinin | Y | 47 |
| znuC | PMI1151 | High-affinity zinc uptake system ATP-binding protein | Y | 319 |
| zur | PMI2748 | Zinc uptake regulation protein | Y | 319 |
| dppA | PMI2847 | Dipeptide ABC transporter, substrate-binding protein | Y | 121 |
| oppB | PMI1474 | Oligopeptide ABC transporter, permease protein | N | 121 |
| cysJ | PMI2250 | Sulfite reductase [NADPH] flavoprotein alpha-component | Y | 121 |
| lrhA | PMI0629 | LysR-family transcriptional regulator | N | 121 |
| hexA | PMI1764 | LysR-family transcriptional regulator | Y | 121 |
| pbtA | PMI0232 | Siderophore biosynthesis protein | N | 104 |
| nrpR | PMI2599 | Siderophore synthase | Y | 104 |
| aipA | PMI2122 | Adhesion and invasion autotransporter | Y | 46 |
| taaP | PMI2575 | trimeric autoagglutinin autotransporter of Proteus | Y | 46 |
| gdhA | PMI3008 | NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenase | Y | 126 |
| glnA | PMI2882 | L-Glutamine synthetase | Y | 124 |
| ucaA | PMI0536 | UCA major fimbrial subunit | Y | 234 |
| hfq e | PMI3365 | Hfq (host factor-I protein) | Y | 267 |
| speA | PMI2094 | Biosynthetic arginine decarboxylase | Y | 353 |
| speBF | PMI2093; PMI0307 | Agmatinase; ornithine decarboxylase, inducible | Y | 353 |
| pfkA | PMI3203 | 6-Phosphofructokinase | Y | 331 |
| pgi | PMI2754 | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase | Y | 331 |
| tpiA | PMI3205 | Triosephosphate isomerase | Y | 331 |
| pykA | PMI1155 | Pyruvate kinase II | Y | 331 |
| gnd | PMI0655 | 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating | Y | 331 |
| talB | PMI0006 | Transaldolase B | Y | 331 |
| edd | PMI2760 | 6-Phosphogluconate dehydratase | Y | 331 |
| sdhB | PMI0568 | Succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein | Y | 331 |
| frdA | PMI3588 | Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit | Y | 331 |
| fumC | PMI1296 | Fumarate hydratase, class II | Y | 331 |
| pckA | PMI3015 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [ATP] | N | 331 |
| argG | PMI3239 | Argininosuccinate synthase | N | 331 |
| serA | PMI2031 | D-3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase | Y | 331 |
| rpoE | PMI1894 | RNA polymerase sigma-E factor | Y | 354 |
| rseA | PMI1893 | Anti-sigma E protein | N | 354 |
| PMI1518 | High-affinity nickel efflux protein | Y | 124 | |
| pldA | PMI3344 | Phospholipase A | N | 124 |
| ilvD | PMI3302 | Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (branched chain amino acid biosynthesis protein) | Yf | 124 |
| lon | PMI0117 | ATP-dependent proteinase, serine peptidase | Y | 124 |
| argR | PMI3399 | Transcriptional regulator, repressor of the arginine biosynthetic pathway | Y | 124 |
a
Based on P. mirabilis HI4320 annotated genome.
b
Significant in one or more sites tested (urine, bladder, kidneys, spleen).
c
Also found to contribute to virulence in a rat prostatitis model (199).
d
MR/P locked-on mrpI mutants outcompete locked-off mrpI or wild-type (see Fimbriae and Adhesins section).
e
Also found to contribute to virulence in a rat skin wound model (267).
f
Contributed to fitness during polymicrobial infection with Providencia stuartii, but not during single-species infection (124).