TABLE 7.

Results of individual studies

STUDY	COMPARISON	LIST OF PRIMARY OUTCOMES*	RESULTS REPORTED
Jones	BUP vs. MET	1.No. of neonates requiring treatment for NAS (%) 2.Peak NAS scores 3.Total amount of morphine needed for treatment of NAS 4.Duration of hospital stay (days) 5.Head circumference (cm)	No significant difference No significant difference 89% less morphine in BUP group 43% less hospital stay in BUP group No significant difference
Strang 2010	Inj. heroin and Inj. MET vs. standard MET	Reduction of regular use of street heroin: 50% or more of negative specimens for street heroin on weekly urinalysis during Weeks 14–26	Significant difference between inj. heroin and oral methadone in favor of inj. heroin in ITT as well as PP population
Beck 2013	SROM vs. MET	The primary efficacy endpoint: the proportion of positive urine samples per patient and per treatment for coconsumption of heroin	Non-inferiority of SROM to MET reported in ITT and PP populations
Saxon 2013	BUP/naloxone vs. MET	1.Baseline transaminases (both ALT and AST) that were ≤2× upper limit of normal (ULN) and remained at this level throughout the study 2.Baseline transaminases that were ≤2× ULN (either ALT or AST) but increased (either ALT or AST) above this level at any time during the study 3.Baseline transaminases that were >2× ULN (either ALT or AST) and decreased and remained at ≤2× ULN during the study (both ALT and AST) 4.Baseline transaminases (both ALT and AST) that were >2× ULN and remained at this level throughout the study (both ALT and AST) 5.Baseline transaminases that were >2× ULN (either ALT or AST) and increased to 2× above this level at any time during the study (either ALT or AST)	No significant difference between medication groups. No significant difference between medication groups. No significant difference between medication groups. No significant difference between medication groups. No significant difference between medication groups.
Demaret 2015	HAT vs. MET	1.Street heroin use: days of use during the previous month on the EuropASI Drug/Alcohol section† 2.Health: scores on the MAP-HSS†† and the SCL-90-R††† 3.Criminal involvement: number of self-reported acts that were committed or experienced as a victim during the previous month	Street heroin use during the previous month decreased significantly more in the experimental group than in the control group Main effect of group not statistically significant in Results section but stated as significantly lower in Discussion section Main effect of group not statistically significant

^*Primary outcomes as described in the article.

^**Evaluable participants defined by the article: “The criteria for ‘evaluable’ were completion of 24 weeks on assigned medication and provision of at least half of the eight liver tests scheduled between weeks 1–24, at weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24.” BUP: buprenorphine; MET: methadone; NAS: neonatal syndrome; ITT: intention to treat; PP: per protocol; SROM: slow-release oral morphine; BUP/naloxone: buprenorphine and naloxone combination; ULN: upper limit of normal; ALT: alanine amino transferase; AST: aspartate amino transferase.

^†Drug/Alcohol section of the European Addiction Severity Index.

^††Maudsley Addiction Profile - Health Symptoms Scale (MAP-HSS).

^†††Symptom Check-List (SCL-90-R). HAT: Heroine Assisted Treatment