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. 2018 Feb 6;42(3):353–362. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2017.286

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Copyright © 2018 The Author(s)

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, and provide a link to the Creative Commons license. You do not have permission under this license to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it.The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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Differential metabolic effects of ODS and ODR plasma-derived exosomes on differentiated myotubes. Cellular respiration and extracellular acidification was measured in 7 day differentiated C2C12 myotubes in response to exosomes isolated from plasma samples pre (ODS n=9, ODR n=9) and 5 h post (ODS n=9, ODR n=8) HFM. (a) Representative Zetaview analysis of the size distribution of the vesicles. (b) Median sizes of the exosomes for ODS and ODR groups. (c, f) Cellular oxygen consumption rates (OCR) at rest, following oligomycin injection (3 μm; proton leak), and FCCP injection (2 μm; maximal respiration) with exosomes isolated from fasted (0 h) or post-HFM (5 h) respectively. (d, g) Extracellular acidification rates (ECAR) at rest, and following oligomycin and FCCP injection (maximal glycolysis) with exosomes isolated from fasted (0 h) or post-HFM (5 h) respectively. (e, h) Graph illustrating the metabolic flexibility from resting OCR and ECAR (left data points) and following oligomycin and FCCP injection (right data points). Data are mean±s.e.m., n=8–9, *P<0.05, **P<0.01.