TABLE 4.
RISK OF ISCHEMIC STROKE AND REGULAR PPI USE BY STRATA
| NON-USER | REGULAR PPI USER | PINTERACTION | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CASES/PERSON-YEARS | NHS+HPFS MULTIVARIABLE HR (95% CI) | CASES/PERSON-YEARS | NHS+HPFS MULTIVARIABLE HR (95% CI) | ||
| AGE (YEARS) | |||||
|
| |||||
| ≤65 | 160/266,802 | 1 (Ref.) | 31/39,949 | 1.27 (0.81–2.00) | 0.90 |
| >65 | 876/540,040 | 1 (Ref.) | 194/102,540 | 1.06 (0.89–1.27) | |
|
| |||||
| BMI (kg2/m2) | |||||
|
| |||||
| <30 | 843/653,970 | 1 (Ref.) | 162/106,854 | 0.98 (0.81–1.19) | 0.43 |
| ≥30 | 193/152,871 | 1 (Ref.) | 63/35,636 | 1.55 (1.10–2.19) | |
|
| |||||
| REGULAR ASPRIN USE | |||||
|
| |||||
| NO | 552/475,719 | 1 (Ref.) | 105/80,488 | 0.97 (0.77–1.24) | 0.16 |
| YES | 484/331,122 | 1 (Ref.) | 120/62,002 | 1.16 (0.92–1.46) | |
|
| |||||
| CORONARY HEART DISEASE | |||||
|
| |||||
| NO | 942/767,318 | 1 (Ref.) | 193/132,774 | 1.03 (0.86, 1.23) | 0.45 |
| YES | 94/39,523 | 1 (Ref.) | 32/9,715 | 1.56 (0.79–3.11) | |
|
| |||||
| HYPERTENSION | |||||
|
| |||||
| NO | 272/359,117 | 1 (Ref.) | 48/44,872 | 1.19 (0.80–1.76) | 0.69 |
| YES | 764/447,724 | 1 (Ref.) | 177/97,619 | 1.06 (0.88–1.27) | |
|
| |||||
| DIABETES | |||||
|
| |||||
| NO | 858/721,936 | 1 (Ref.) | 169/122,931 | 0.98 (0.81–1.19) | 0.10 |
| YES | 178/84,904 | 1 (Ref.) | 56/19,559 | 1.57 (1.07–2.29) | |
|
| |||||
| HYPERLIPIDEMIA | |||||
|
| |||||
| NO | 313/275,612 | 1 (Ref.) | 41/32,953 | 1.03 (0.71–1.49) | 0.39 |
| YES | 723/531,229 | 1 (Ref.) | 184/109,536 | 1.09 (0.91–1.31) | |
Multivariable model adjusted for age (continuous), smoking status (never <5, 5–20, 20–40, >40 pack-years), alcohol intake (g/day, continuous), body-mass index (continuous), physical activity (metabolic-equivalent task/week, continuous), Alternative Healthy Eating Index scores (continuous), menopausal hormone use (among women, current vs. past/never), multivitamin use, regular aspirin use, regular non-aspirin NSAID use, history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, or diabetes, history of peptic ulcer disease (ever/never), history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD; ever/never), history of gastrointestinal bleeding (ever/never), history of prior histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) usage (ever/never)