Table 2.
Neurological exam findings in 117 adults with West Nile virus infection by acute clinical picture.a
| Non-neuroinvasive |
Neuroinvasivea |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area of examination | All participants n = 117 |
No symptoms n = 27 |
West Nile fever n = 39 |
Meningitis n = 16 |
Encephalitis n = 35 |
Odds ratiob (95% confidence interval) | p-Value |
| Abnormal neurological | 57 | 7 | 20 | 11 | 19 | 1.8 (0.8–3.8) | NSc |
| Abnormal cranial nerve | 8 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | Undefined | NS |
| Abnormal reflexesd | 16 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 4.2 (1.2–14.6) | 0.02 |
| Abnormal sensory | 8 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1.9 (0.4–8.8) | NS |
| Abnormal strength | 30 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 12 | 2.5 (1.1–6.3) | 0.04 |
| Tremors | 12 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 1.5 (0.4–5.4) | NS |
| Abnormal cerebellare | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.7 (0.03–13.9) | NS |
| Abnormal tone | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Undefined | NS |
aMeningitis, encephalitis, or acute flaccid paralysis presentation.
bAdjusted for age, gender, and history of diabetes mellitus.
cNon-significant p-value of >0.05.
dAll reflexes were decreased.
eCerebellar ataxia.