Table 2.
Cytometric‐based studies on circulating tumor cells in blood specimens obtained from patients with gastric cancer
| Year | Study | No. patients | Mean age, years (range) | UICC stage | Method | Marker | Blood volume for tests (mL) | No. CTC as the cut‐off value | Patients vs Healthy donors | No. patients with CTC (%) | 5‐year survival (High/positive vs Low/negative) | P‐value | Prognostic significance | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enrichment | Detection | No. healthy donors | Specificity (%) | ||||||||||||
| 2007 | Pituch‐Noworolska et al.47 | 57 | 55.0 | I–IV | FACS | ICC | CK‐8, CK‐18, CK‐19 | Undescribed | ≥3 | – | – | 31 (54.4%) | – | ≥0.05 | No |
| 2008 | Hiraiwa et al.48 | 27 | – | IV | CellSearch | ICC | EpCAM, CK‐8, CK‐18, CK‐19 | 7.5 | ≥2 | 41 | 100 | 15 (55.6%) | – | 0.039 | Yes |
| 2010 | Matsusaka et al.49 | 52 | 62 (24–78) | IV | CellSearch | ICC | EpCAM, CK‐8, CK‐18, CK‐19 | 7.5 | ≥4 | – | – | 17 (32.7%) | 3.5 mo vs 11.7 mo (median OS) | <0.001 | Yes |
| 2012 | Ito et al.50 | 65 | 58.8 (33–76) | I–IV | TelomeScan (GFP) | ICC | EpCAM | 7.5 | ≥5 | – | – | – | – | 0.0021 | – |
| 2013 | Uenosono et al.51 | 148 | – | I–IV | CellSearch | ICC | EpCAM, CK‐8, CK‐18, CK‐19 | 7.5 | ≥1 | 15 | 100 | 16 (10.8%) | – | <0.0001 | Yes |
| 2013 | Uenosono et al.51 | 103 | – | IV | CellSearch | ICC | EpCAM, CK‐8, CK‐18, CK‐19 | 7.5 | ≥1 | 15 | 100 | 62 (60.2%) | 248 days vs 582 days (median OS) | 0.0044 | |
| 2015 | Li et al.52 | 44 | 56 (25–87) | I–IV | CanPatrol | RNA‐ISH | KRT‐8, KRT‐18, KRT‐19, EpCAM | 5 | ≥1 | 10 | 100 | 35 (79.5%) | – | – | – |
| 2015 | Okabe et al.53 | 136 | 66.0 | I–IV | CellSearch | ICC | EpCAM, CK‐8, CK‐18, CK‐19 | 7.5 | ≥1 | – | – | 25 (18.4%) | – | 0.016 | Yes |
| 2015 | Yuan et al.54 | 31 | 62 (35–78) | II–IV | FACS | ICC | CD44 | 2 | – | – | – | 14 (45.2%) | – | – | – |
| 2016 | Kolostova et al.55 | 22 | – | I–IV | MetaCell | ICC | CK‐18, CK‐19, CK‐20, CK‐7, EpCAM, MUC‐1, HER‐2, EGFR | 8 | – | – | – | 13 (59%) | – | – | – |
CanPatrol, SurExam, Guangzhou, China; CellSearch, Janssen Diagnostics, Raritan, NJ, USA; MetaCell, MetaCell s.r.o., Ostrava, Czech Republic; TelomeScan, Oncolys BioPharma Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
CK, cytokeratin; CTC, circulating tumor cells; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; EpCAM, epithelial cell adhesion molecule; FACS, fluorescence‐activated cell sorting; GFP, green fluorescent protein; HER, human epidermal growth factor receptor; ICC, immunocytochemistry; ISH, in situ hybridization; KRT, keratin; mo, months; MUC, mucin; OS, overall survival; UICC, International Union Against Cancer; –, undescribed.