Table II.

Primer sequences used in the RT-qPCR analysis.

Target gene	Forward primer	Reverse primer
MMP13	TACGAGCATCCATCCCGAGACC	TGAACCGCAGCACTGAGCCT
BMP3	AGCCTTCAGACTCAGCCTCCTG	TCGCCTCGCCTTCTTCAGTGT
BMP4	GACTTCGAGGCGACACTTCTGC	GGTTCCCTGGCTCTGCTCTTCT
Neuropilin 1	TCGGTGGGATTGCTGTGGATGA	TGCCTGGCTTCCTGGAGATGTT
ADAMTS5	GCTCCTCTTGGTGGCTGACTCT	GCGTTCTTGCTCACCTCCAGAC
p15	GGCTTCCTGGACACGCTAATGG	ATATCACGGTGGCCCTGCTCTT
GAS1	TTTCTGCTGCTCCTGCTGCTTG	GGGTCAGTGCTCCCGATCATCT
Nox4	CGCACAGTCCTGGCTTACCTTC	GGCAGCTACATGCACACCTGAG
PCNA	CGCAACTCCGCCACCATGTT	TTCACGCCGCCCGAACTGAT
VEGFA	TCACCACCACACCACCATCGT	ATCCAGTTCCACGAGGGACCAC
Cyclin I	AGCAGCCTTCCACCTCCATCTC	AGCCGCTTGATCCCGTCATACA
GDF15	CCTGCTGTTCCTGCTGCTCTTG	TAGCTCGTCCGGGTTGAGTTGG
GPX1	AGGCTCACCCGCTCTTTACCTT	TGGAACACCGTCTGGACCTACC
Aggrecan	ATCCGCTGCTCCAGAAGTGAGT	ACGGTGGTGCTGACGGTAACA
Collagen type II	CATGAACGGCGGCTTCCACTT	GCTTCGTCCAGGTAGGCAATGC
HIF-1	CGCAACTGCCACCACTGATGAA	GGCTGTCCGACTGTGAGTACCA
GAPDH	GTCCATGCCATCACTGCCACTC	GATGACCTTGCCCACAGCCTTG

MMP13, matrix metalloproteinase 13; ADAMTS5, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5; BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; Nox4, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4; GAS1, growth arrest specific 1; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor A; GDF15, growth and differentiation factor 15; GPX1, glutathione peroxidase 1; HIF-1, hypoxia inducible factor-1.