Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 111 propensity-score matched paediatric CD patients receiving CS or EEN as induction therapy.
| CS | EEN | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 35 | 76 | |
| Gender [male/female]a | 9/26 | 28/48 | 0.28 |
| Median age, y [range]a | 12.2 [6.8–16.0] | 11.9 [3.3–16.3] | 0.17 |
| Paris A1a [< 10 y], n [%] | 7 [20] | 12 [15.8] | 0.29 |
| Positive family history, n [%] | 16 [45.7] | 31 [40.7] | 0.63 |
| Disease location, n [%]a | |||
| L1 | 3 [8.6] | 7 [9.2] | 0.58 |
| L2 | 4 [11.4] | 4 [5.3] | |
| L3 | 12 [34.3] | 20 [26.3] | |
| L1+L4 | 1 [2.9] | 4 [5.3] | |
| L2+L4 | 5 [14.3] | 8 [10.5] | |
| L3+L4 | 10 [28.6] | 33 [43.4] | |
| Disease behaviour, n [%]a | |||
| B1 | 35 [100] | 75 [98.7] | 1.00 |
| B2 | 0 | 1 [1.3] | |
| Perianal disease, n [%]a | 4 [11.4] | 3 [3.9] | 0.20 |
| Height z-score [Htz] [mean ± SD]a | -0.01 ± 1.1 | -0.44 ± 1.2 | 0.07 |
| Growth failure [Htz ≤ 1.65] | 1 [2.9] | 13 [17.1] | 0.06 |
| BMI z-score [mean ± SD]a | -0.58 ± 1.3 | -1.2 ± 1.2 | 0.01 |
| Clinical disease severity, PCDAI scorea | |||
| Mild < 30 | 12 [34.3] | 37 [48.7] | 0.27 |
| Moderate ≥ 30 to < 40 | 14 [40.0] | 20 [26.3] | |
| Severe ≥ 40 | 9 [25.7] | 19 [25.0] | |
| Concomitant medicationsb | |||
| Immunomodulators | 14 [40] | 22 [28.9] | 0.25 |
| 5-ASA | 2 [5.7] | 2 [2.6] | 0.59 |
| Antibiotics | 3 [8.6] | 4 [5.3] | 0.68 |
CS, corticosteroid; EEN, exclusive enteral nutrition; y, years; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; PCDAI, Paediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; 5-ASA, 5-aminosalicylic acid.
aVariables used to compute the propensity scores.
bStarted before Week 4 of induction therapy.