Table 1.
Comparison of Caregivers and Noncaregivers
| Caregivers | Noncaregivers | x 2 or F | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 631) | (n = 4,944) | ||
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||
| Female: n (%) | 408 (64.7) | 2,431 (49.2) | 53.71*** |
| Minority status: n (%) | 167 (26.6) | 1,134 (23.1) | 3.62 |
| Age: M (SD) | 52.72 (10.65) | 51.94 (12.71) | 2.36 |
| Married: n (%) | 420 (66.6) | 3,286 (66.5) | 0.00 |
| Employed: n (%) | 377 (59.5) | 3,361 (69.9) | 13.34*** |
| Education: M (SD) | 14.29 (2.43) | 14.31 (2.67) | 0.03 |
| Well-being | |||
| Depressive symptoms: M (SD) | 1.19 (2.31) | 0.57 (1.66) | 55.06*** |
| Self-rated health: M (SD) | 3.39 (1.07) | 3.54 (1.05) | 4.96* |
| Life satisfaction M (SD) | 3.40 (0.75) | 3.56 (0.66) | 27.26*** |
| Perceived control M (SD) | 3.52 (0.71) | 3.64 (0.63) | 13.25*** |
Notes. Number of missing cases: age (1), race (44), employed (31), education (9), self-rated physical health (1), life satisfaction (5), and perceived control (7).
F tests of well-being measures were conducted after controlling for gender and employment status differences between caregivers and noncaregivers.
*p ≤ .05. **p ≤ .01. ***p ≤ .001.