Table 3.
ANOVA Results for Satisfaction by Level of Choice
| Variable | Mean | SD | n | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No choice | 2.01 | 0.85 | 62 | |
| Some choice | 2.48 | 0.58 | 138 | |
| Free choice | 2.86 | 0.42 | 344 | |
| Source | SS | df | MS | F |
| Between groups | 44.06 | 2 | 22.03 | 78.41*** |
| Within groups | 152.03 | 541 | 0.281 | |
| Comparison | Mean difference | SE of difference | Bonferroni adjusted 95% CI | |
| No choice vs. some choice | −0.469** | 0.081 | −0.664, −0.2747 | |
| No choice vs. free choice | −0.847** | 0.073 | −1.02, −0.6716 | |
| Some choice vs. free choice | −0.377** | 0.053 | –0.506, −0.249 |
Notes: N = 600 items; i.e., analyzed by PELI item. ANOVA = analysis of variance; CI = confidence interval; MS = mean square; SS = sum of squares.
***p < .001; p values are adjusted using the Bonferroni method, such that results are interpreted if **p < .017.