Table 3.
Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio for IBD stratified by class of antibiotic
| Antibiotic use | Inflammatory bowel disease | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases [n = 736] | Controls [n = 1472] | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Any antibiotic [n] | 455 | 495 | 3.20 | 2.66–3.84 | 2.93 | 2.40–3.58 |
| Penicillin [n] | 246 | 228 | 2.74 | 2.22–3.37 | 2.53 | 2.02–3.18 |
| Macrolide [n] | 178 | 179 | 2.30 | 1.83–2.90 | 2.01 | 1.57–2.57 |
| Cephalosporin [n] | 107 | 94 | 2.49 | 1.86–3.34 | 2.29 | 1.68–3.12 |
| Sulfonamide [n] | 84 | 80 | 2.24 | 1.63–3.09 | 2.20 | 1.56–3.11 |
| Quinolone [n] | 75 | 73 | 2.17 | 1.56–3.04 | 2.10 | 1.47–3.01 |
| Tetracycline [n] | 55 | 46 | 2.50 | 1.67–3.74 | 2.10 | 1.37–3.22 |
| Metronidazole [n] | 22 | 26 | 1.71 | 0.96–3.04 | 1.84 | 0.99–3.38 |
IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.