Table 4.

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis stratified by class of antibiotic

Antibiotic use	Crohn’s disease		Unadjusted		Adjusted		Ulcerative colitis		Unadjusted		Adjusted
	Cases [n = 339]	Controls [n = 678]	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	Cases [n = 397]	Controls [n = 794]	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Any antibiotic [n]	212	241	3.03	2.31–3.97	3.01	2.27–4.00	243	254	3.35	2.61–4.31	2.94	2.23–3.88
Penicillin [n]	119	117	2.59	1.92–3.50	2.66	1.94–3.65	127	111	2.89	2.16–3.87	2.42	1.76–3.33
Macrolide [n]	87	88	2.31	1.66–3.22	2.28	1.61–3.21	91	91	2.30	1.67–3.16	1.90	1.33–2.71
Cephalosporin [n]	51	53	2.09	1.39–3.14	2.21	1.44–3.37	56	41	3.02	1.98–4.60	2.66	1.71–4.16
Sulfonamide [n]	40	30	2.89	1.77–4.73	2.81	1.67–4.75	44	50	1.85	1.21–2.84	2.00	1.26–3.17
Quinolone [n]	35	32	2.32	1.41–3.83	2.41	1.41–4.11	40	41	2.06	1.31–3.24	1.94	1.18–3.16
Tetracycline [n]	24	20	2.51	1.36–4.61	2.34	1.24–4.43	31	26	2.50	1.46–4.28	2.10	1.18–3.76
Metronidazole [n]	12	9	2.73	1.14–6.54	2.80	1.14–7.11	10	17	1.18	0.54–2.60	1.38	0.58–3.12

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.