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. 2018 Apr 3;13(4):e0194571. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194571

Fig 2. Multigene phylogeny (i.e., from concatenation of partial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) COI, COIII, Cyt b genes) of the rice-preferred and corn-preferred Ugandan Spodoptera frugiperda sister species.

Fig 2

Partial mtDNA COI, COIII and Cyt b gene sequences were obtained from full mtDNA genomes of Spodoptera species (S. exigua JX316220; S. litura JQ647918; S. frugiperda KM362176; S. frugiperda KU877172, and S. frugiperda ‘Corn’ and ‘Rice’ reference mitogenomes (i.e., Corn-REF, Rice-REF, <http://bipaa.genouest.org/data/public/sfrudb/FAW_mitochondrial_genomes.fa>, see [40]) and from sequences generated through this study (MF197867, MF197873, MF197869 (i.e., Uganda ‘Rice’ maternal lineage); MF197868, MF197871, MF197870 (i.e., Uganda ‘Corn’ maternal lineage 1); MF197868, MF197872, MF197870 (i.e., Uganda ‘Corn’ maternal lineage 2)). The multigene phylogeny provided strong bootstrap support values (1,000 replications) for the existence of two closely related monophyletic S. frugiperda sister clades. The rice-preferred S. frugiperda clade is made up of two individuals (i.e., published [40]; and ‘Uganda ‘Rice’ maternal lineage’ (this study)). The corn-preferred clade has five individuals, of which two (i.e., Uganda ‘Corn’ maternal lineage 1; Uganda ‘Corn’ maternal lineage 2) are from this study. The remaining three ‘Corn’ maternal lineages are from published sequences (i.e., [40]; KM362176; KU877172). Out group species are S. exigua and S. litura.