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A model for the αvβ8 integrin-TGFβ1 signaling axis in the GBM perivascular niche. β8high GBM cells mediate adhesion to latent-TGFβ1/3 in the ECM, leading to activation of TGFβ receptor signaling in β8low GBM cells and/or in vascular endothelial cells. Varying degrees of TGFβ receptor signaling in β8low versus β8high GBM cells impacts cell cycle progression via CDK1 and CDKN1A/p21cip, thus impacting levels of their proliferation and/or differentiation.
