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. 2018 Apr 3;8:5478. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23304-7

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Reserpine (RSP) pretreatment exhausts cardiac norepinephrine (NE) and partially reverses the protective effect of BRL44408 (BRL) on the heart in CLP-treated rats. Rats first received subcutaneous injections of RSP (4.5 mg/kg) or normal saline once a day for 2 consecutive days and were then exposed to CLP or sham surgery on the 4th day after the last RSP administration. BRL (1.5 mg/kg) or normal saline was injected intraperitoneally 4 h after CLP or sham surgery. Cardiac (A) and plasma (B) NE concentrations were detected by ELISA at 6 h after CLP or sham surgery. At 20 h after CLP or sham surgery, (C) left ventricular function was assessed in a Langendorff apparatus, the maximum rates of the rise (+dP/dt) and fall (−dP/dt) of the left ventricular pressure at 30 min after perfusion are shown; (D) The left ventricular phosphorylated cTnI (Ser23/24) levels were detected by Western blot analysis; Left ventricular (E) and plasma (F) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations were detected by ELISA; Left ventricular myocardial IκBα (G), p38 (H) and JNK (I) phosphorylation, caspase-3 activation (J) as well as MPO (K) and VCAM-1 (L) levels were detected by Western blot analysis. n = 7 for the sham or RSP group; n = 10 for the CLP, CLP+BRL, RSP+CLP+BRL and RSP+CLP groups. Statistical significance is shown as *P < 0.05.