Table 4.
Basline mean (±SD) | Baseline range | Follow–up mean (±SD) | Follow–up range | Change in score | Within group p-value | Between group p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concept | Intervention | 2.17(±0.41) | 2–3 | 2.33 (±0.52) | 2–3 | 0.08 (±0.20) | 0.1585 | 0.5# |
Control | 2.5 (±0.58) | 2–3 | 2.25 (±0.5) | 2–3 | −0.08 (±0.17) | 0.1585 | ||
Mental Flexibility | Intervention | 2.17 (±0.75) | 1–3 | 2.5 (±0.84) | 1–3 | 0.125 (±0.25) | 0.0785 | 0.5# |
Control | 2.5 (±0.58) | 2–3 | 2.75 (±0.26) | 2–3 | 0.17 (±0.26) | 0.1585 | ||
Motor programming | Intervention | 0.83 (±0.41) | 0–1 | 2.17 (±0.98) | 1–3 | 0.83 (±0.98) | 0.0095* | 0.0195* |
Control | 1.25 (±1.5) | 0–3 | 1.5 (±1.73) | 0–3 | −0.25 (±0.5) | 0.376 | ||
Interferance | Intervention | 2.83 (±0.41) | 2–3 | 2.83 (±0.41) | 2–3 | 0 (±0.00) | 0.5# | 0.5# |
Control | 1.25 (±1.5) | 0–3 | 2.5 (±1) | 1–3 | 0.125 (±0.25) | 0.108 | ||
Inhibtory control | Intervention | 2.33 (±1.03) | 1–3 | 2.17 (±0.98) | 1–3 | −0.06 (±0.14) | 0.3575 | 0.5# |
Control | 2.25 (±0.96) | 1–3 | 1.5 (±1) | 1–3 | −0.29 (±0.34) | 0.134 | ||
Environmental autonomy | Intervention | 3 (±0.00) | 3–3 | 3 (±0.00) | 3–3 | 0 (±0.00) | NA | 0.5# |
Control | 3 (±0.00) | 3–3 | 3 (±0.00) | 3–3 | 0 (±0.00) | NA |
The FAB consists of six sub-score measures: concept, mental flexibility, motor programming, interference, inhibitory control, and environmental autonomy. Within-group analysis conducted by Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and between-group analysis conducted by ANCOVA with permutation test. There was a significant improvement in the intervention group FAB motor programming sub-score compared to controls (0.0195). There was also a significant improvement in the FAB motor programming sub-score within the intervention group comparing baseline to follow-up (0.0095), and not in the control group (n = 0386).
The significance level was set at p < 0.05.
The statistical value is close to zero which resulted in a two-tailed p-value of 1.0 (1-tail p-value is 0.5).