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. 2018 Apr 3;8:5538. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23905-2

Table 2.

The comparison of hemoglobin levels by diabetic retinopathy status.

No DR DR P value
Model 1 14.33 ± 0.05 13.76 ± 0.12 <0.0001
Model 2 14.13 ± 0.04 13.67 ± 0.1 <0.0001
Model 3 14.12 ± 0.04 13.67 ± 0.1 <0.0001
Model 4 14.1 ± 0.04 13.73 ± 0.10 0.0007

Model 1 is unadjusted.

Model 2 is adjusted for age and sex.

Model 3 is adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking, exercise, education, and income.

Model 4 is adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking, exercise, education, income, DM duration, Insulin therapy, HbA1c, and eGFR.