Table 3.
The relationship between hemoglobin levels and diabetic retinopathy.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) |
P-value | OR (95% CI) |
P-value | OR (95% CI) |
P-value | OR (95% CI) |
P-value | |
| Hemoglobin of 1 g/dL | 0.813 (0.746–0.886) |
<0.0001 | 0.77 (0.694–0.853) |
<0.0001 | 0.777 (0.696–0.867) |
<0.0001 | 0.807 (0.718–0.907) |
0.0003 |
| Hemoglobin of 0.5 g/dL | 0.902 (0.864-0.941) |
<0.0001 | 0.877 (0.833–0.924) |
<0.0001 | 0.881 (0.834–0.931) |
<0.0001 | 0.899 (0.848–0.953) |
0.0004 |
Model 1 is unadjusted.
Model 2 is adjusted for age and sex.
Model 3 is adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking, exercise, education, and income.
Model 4 is adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking, exercise, education, income, DM duration, insulin therapy, HbA1c, and eGFR.