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. 2018 Apr 3;8:5584. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22938-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Efficacy of NVP-BEZ235 treatment on Han:SPRD rats renal function. (A) Study design scheme. Dose-dependent effect of NVP-BEZ235 on PKD progression. (B) Representative PAS stained kidney sections of NVP-BEZ235-treated and vehicle-treated Han:SPRD rats. Quantitative analysis of (C) two kidneys to total body weight ratio (2 K/TBW), (D) 24 h urine albumin to creatinine ratio, (E) BUN, (F) serum creatinine in Han:SPRD rats are displayed. (G) Western blot analysis of Han:SPRD whole kidney lysates for readouts of mTOR, PI3K/Akt and PI3K/ERK pathways after 5 weeks treatment with NVP-BEZ235-treated and vehicle-treated rat. Representative results of three independent experiments are shown. These are cropped gels and the original gels are presented in Supplementary Fig. 6. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ^#p < 0.001 indicated by brackets (mean ± SD, ANOVA). The number of rat per group is indicated in Supplementary Tables 1 and 2.