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. 2018 Apr 3;8:5500. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23761-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Phylogenetic tree of DIR and DIR-like genes from pepper and other plant species. Protein sequences of 220 dirigent or dirigent-like (DIR) proteins were analyzed by the Maximum Likelihood (ML) test using MEGA 6.0. The subfamilies DIR-a, DIR-b/d, DIR-c, DIR-e, DIR-f and DIR-g are indicated by light pink, yellow, green, purple, sky cyanide and dark pink branch lines, respectively. The nomenclature of the DIRs used in the tree is as follows: Ah, Arachis hypogaea; As, Agrostis stolonifera; At, Arabidopsis thaliana; Br, Brassica rapa; Ca, Capsicum annuum; Fi, Forsythia intermedia; Gb, Gossypium barbadense; Hv, Hordeum vulgare; Ii, Isatis indigotica; Nb, Nicotiana benthamiana; Os, Oryza sativa; P, Picea glauca, Picea sitchensis or P. glauca x engelmannii; Pp, Podophyllum peltatum; Ps, Pisum sativum; Sb, Sorghum bicolor; Si, Sesamum indicum; So, Saccharum officinarum; Ta, Triticum aestivum; Tan, Tamarix androssowii; Th, Tsuga heterophylla; Tp, Thuja plicata and Zm, Zea mays. Different species are labeled with different color display markers while CaDIRs are labeled with red circle display markers.