Figure 3.

LIPUS does not promote transcription of PPAR family members during the early stage. mRNA levels of PPAR and C/EBP family members were assessed by qRT-PCR in LIPUS treated and untreated cells. β-tubulin was utilized as the internal standard for normalization. A. LIPUS did not affect the mRNA levels of PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ of rat visceral preadipocytes. B. LIPUS treatment downregulated the C/EBPδ mRNA level but did not affect the C/EBPα and C/EBPβ mRNA levels of rat visceral preadipocytes. All values are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent trials. Data were analyzed with independent t test. **P<0.01.