Table 5.
Multivariate Multinomial Model: Adjusted Associations between Cognitive Participation Item and Demographic, Personal and Practice Variables
| I support the use of Lean in health care | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neutral | Agree | |||||
| Odds Ratio | 95% CI | P-value | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Profession | ||||||
| Nursing | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Health Care | 2.53 | (1.69, 3.98) | 0.0001 | 4.11 | (2.70, 7.20) | 0.0001 |
| Age group | ||||||
| ≤ 30 years | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| 31–45 years | 1.55 | (0.84, 2.99) | 0.37 | 1.82 | (0.85, 3.98) | 0.37 |
| > 45 years | 1.99 | (0.95, 4.49) | 0.21 | 2.15 | (0.87, 5.71) | 0.32 |
| Employment Status | ||||||
| Full-Time | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Part-Time/Casual | 1.07 | (0.72, 1.57) | 0.84 | 0.96 | (0.59, 1.55) | 0.94 |
| Years of experience | ||||||
| 0–5 years | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| 6–10 years | 0.71 | (0.37, 1.30) | 0.58 | 0.77 | (0.35, 1.63) | 0.72 |
| 11–15 years | 0.73 | (0.36, 1.51) | 0.21 | 0.79 | (0.33, 1.82) | 0.54 |
| 15+ years | 0.52 | (0.24, 1.04) | 0.49 | 0.66 | (0.28, 1.54) | 0.69 |
| Primary Role | ||||||
| Direct Care | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Leadership | 2.05 | (0.90, 4.67) | 0.21 | 10.29 | (5.65, 24.7) | 0.0001 |
| Other | 1.30 | (0.61, 2.66) | 0.60 | 1.46 | (0.71, 3.06) | 0.53 |
| Practice Setting | ||||||
| Acute | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Long-term Care | 1.17 | (0.66, 2.03) | 0.72 | 2.44 | (1.36, 4.68) | 0.02 |
| Other | 1.19 | (0.77, 1.82) | 0.60 | 1.09 | (0.65, 1.82) | 0.84 |
| Location | ||||||
| Urban | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Rural/Remote | 1.29 | (0.90, 1.88) | 0.37 | 1.89 | (1.25, 2.99) | 0.02 |
| Familiarity with Lean | ||||||
| Complete | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Somewhat | 1.20 | (0.80, 1.85) | 0.59 | 0.59 | (0.36, 0.93) | 0.08 |
| Training | ||||||
| None | 0.92 | (0.39, 2.54) | 0.96 | 0.28 | (0.09, 0.68) | 0.05 |
| Kaizen Basics | 0.73 | (0.31, 1.85) | 0.60 | 0.54 | (0.22, 1.21) | 0.37 |
| Leadership | 0.92 | (1.47, 4.15) | 0.94 | 3.45 | (1.24, 14.9) | 0.08 |
| Participation | ||||||
| None (vs. any) | 1.63 | (0.83, 3.46) | 0.94 | 0.72 | (0.29, 1.70) | 0.49 |
| Visibility wall | 1.55 | (0.98, 3.09) | 0.96 | 1.31 | (0.75, 2.57) | 0.98 |
| 5S | 1.05 | (0.68, 1.54) | 0.21 | 1.00 | (0.61, 1.63) | 0.54 |
| RPIW | 1.03 | (0.66, 1.65) | 0.37 | 1.33 | (0.77, 2.26) | 0.60 |
| Impact of Lean on Workload | ||||||
| No impact/Decreased | 1.0 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Increased somewhat | 0.61 | (0.39, 0.96) | 0.60 | 0.19 | (0.11, 0.29) | 0.08 |
| Increased substantially | 0.26 | (0.14, 0.41) | 0.0001 | 0.05 | (0.02, 0.09) | 0.0001 |
| First Exposure to Lean | ||||||
| About 2 years ago | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| 3 or more years ago | 0.79 | (0.53, 1.15) | 0.40 | 0.76 | (0.48, 1.17) | 0.40 |