Table 2.
Effects of Increased Fiber Intake on Changes in Fasting Blood Glucose Concentrations
| Meta-analysis Authors and Date | No. of Studies in Meta-analysis | No. of Participants in Meta-analysis | Fiber Type and Dose/Day | Mean Duration in Weeks | Reduction in Fasting Blood Glucose Concentration in mg/dL | Q Test P Value and I2 Statistic |
Egger or Begg Test P Value | Quality Assessment and Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Post et al, 201223a | 13 T2D | 400 | Soluble 18 g | 8 | ↓ 15.3, P < .001 | NS, 5% | GRADE 9/13 high quality |
|
| Silva et al, 201324 | 8 T2D | 496 | Soluble 11 g | 12 | ↓ 10.0, P < .05 | P < .001, 96% | NS | GRADE NR |
| Tiwari and Cummins, 201125 | 22 | 487 | β-Glucan 6 g | 6 | ↓ 44.6, P < .001 | P < .001, 97% | NS | |
| Bao et al, 201426 | 12 | 630 | β-Glucan 5.5 g | 8 | ↓ 0.7, NS | P < .001, 68% | NS | Jadad scale 7/12 high quality |
| Zhu et al, 201527 | 8 | 378 | β-Glucan 5 g | 6.5 | ↓ 0.4, NS | NS, 0% | NS | Jadad scale 4/8 high quality |
| Zou et al, 201528 | 12 | 603 | β-Glucan 5 g | 6 | ↓ 0.9, NS | NS, 0% | NS | Jadad scale 7/12 high quality |
| Hou et al, 201529 | 6 T2D | 437 | β-Glucan NR | 4.5 | ↓ 7.0, P < .001 | NS, 0% | NOS 5/6 high quality |
|
| Shen et al, 201630 | 4 T2D | 239 | β-Glucan 3g | 4.5 | ↓ 9.4, P < .01 | NS, 0% | NS | Cochrane 3/4 high quality |
| He et al, 201631 | 16 | 933 | β-Glucan 5.5g | 7.5 | ↓ 2.3, P < .01 | P < .001, 99% | ||
| Gibb et al, 201532 | 4 T2D 14 |
245 1267 |
Psyllium 12g Psyllium 10 g |
8.5 9.5 |
↓ 37.0, P < .05 ↓ 1.6, NS |
P < .05, 61% P < .05, 68% |
||
| Liu et al, 201633 | 15 | 579 | Fructans 12.5 g | 7.5 | ↓ 0.9, NS | NS, 26% | P < .05 | Cochrane 4/15 high quality |
NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; NR, not reported; NS, not significant; T2D, participants with type 2 diabetes only.
a
Low-quality score on the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews.