Table 2.

Multivariate analysis of the determinants associated with DOAC initiation according to year of therapy initiation

Characteristics at treatment initiation	2011 n=159 903		2012 n=177 131		2013 n=170 431		2014 n=162 674		2015 n=144 307
	Adjusted OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI
Demographic characteristics
Age
<65 years	0.88	0.81 to 0.96	0.82	0.79 to 0.86	0.87	0.84 to 0.90	0.99	0.95 to 1.02	0.94	0.91 to 0.98
65 to 74 years	1.0		1.0		1.0		1.0		1.0
≥75 years	0.86	0.80 to 0.92	0.98	0.95 to 1.01	0.74	0.72 to 0.76	0.62	0.61 to 0.64	0.68	0.66 to 0.70
Sex (male)	0.73	0.69 to 0.77	1.01	0.99 to 1.04	1.15	1.12 to 1.17	1.13	1.11 to 1.16	1.11	1.08 to 1.13
Clinical characteristics*
High blood pressure	1.29	1.13 to 1.46	0.74	0.71 to 0.78	0.61	0.58 to 0.64	0.63	0.60 to 0.66	0.62	0.59 to 0.66
Ischaemic heart disease	0.89	0.84 to 0.96	0.80	0.78 to 0.83	0.74	0.72 to 0.76	0.70	0.69 to 0.72	0.75	0.73 to 0.77
Heart failure	0.43	0.40 to 0.47	0.73	0.71 to 0.76	0.68	0.66 to 0.69	0.64	0.62 to 0.65	0.69	0.66 to 0.70
Diabetes	0.89	0.83 to 0.96	0.91	0.88 to 0.94	0.89	0.86 to 0.91	0.90	0.88 to 0.92	0.91	0.89 to 0.94
Cancer	0.93	0.86 to 1.01	0.92	0.89 to 0.95	0.82	0.80 to 0.85	0.81	0.79 to 0.83	0.80	0.77 to 0.83
Renal failure	0.45	0.38 to 0.53	0.32	0.30 to 0.35	0.23	0.22 to 0.25	0.22	0.21 to 0.23	0.25	0.24 to 0.27
Liver failure	0.58	0.41 to 0.80	0.58	0.51 to 0.66	0.48	0.44 to 0.53	0.41	0.38 to 0.46	0.40	0.35 to 0.44
Dementia	0.72	0.61 to 0.85	0.79	0.74 to 0.84	0.73	0.69 to 0.77	0.74	0.70 to 0.78	0.72	0.68 to 0.76
History of ischaemic stroke	0.70	0.63 to 0.78	0.95	0.91 to 1.00	0.91	0.88 to 0.95	0.88	0.85 to 0.91	0.92	0.89 to 0.96
History of bleeding	1.35	1.19 to 1.52	0.68	0.64 to 0.72	0.55	0.52 to 0.58	0.53	0.50 to 0.56	0.56	0.53 to 0.59
Prescriber of first anticoagulant
General practitioner	1.0		1.0		1.0		1.0		1.0
Cardiologist	0.86	0.81 to 0.93	2.47	2.40 to 2.54	2.86	2.79 to 2.93	2.73	2.67 to 2.80	2.57	2.49 to 2.64
Other specialists/Unknown	2.53	2.36 to 2.71	1.15	1.10 to 1.19	1.00	0.96 to 1.03	1.04	1.00 to 1.07	1.03	0.99 to 1.06
Other treatments at cohort entry†
Aspirin	1.04	0.98 to 1.10	1.13	1.10 to 1.16	0.99	0.97 to 1.01	0.93	0.91 to 0.95	0.87	0.85 to 0.89
NSAIDs	1.90	1.78 to 2.02	1.17	1.13 to 1.21	1.19	1.16 to 1.22	1.21	1.18 to 1.25	1.24	1.20 to 1.28
Antiplatelet agents	1.03	0.94 to 1.12	1.03	0.99 to 1.07	0.81	0.79 to 0.84	0.72	0.70 to 0.75	0.74	0.71 to 0.77
Corticosteroids	0.76	0.69 to 0.83	0.87	0.84 to 0.94	0.89	0.86 to 0.91	0.93	0.90 to 0.96	0.93	0.90 to 0.96
Time of anticoagulant initiation
First term of the year	1.0		1.0		1.0		1.0		1.0
Second term of the year	1.12	1.02 to 1.23	2.85	2.72 to 2.99	1.01	0.98 to 1.04	1.10	1.07 to 1.14	1.13	1.09 to 1.16
Third term of the year	1.40	1.28 to 1.53	7.53	7.19 to 7.88	0.94	0.91 to 0.97	1.13	1.09 to 1.16	1.19	1.15 to 1.23
Fourth term of the year	2.75	2.53 to 2.94	22.52	21.55 to 23.54	0.58	0.56 to 0.59	1.38	1.34 to 1.42	1.40	1.36 to 1.44

*Defined in the 12 months prior to cohort entry.

†Defined in the 3 months prior to cohort entry.

CI, Confidence Interval; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.