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. 2018 Mar 30;8(3):e019850. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019850

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© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

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Cardiovascular Injury due to Tobacco Use (CITU). CITU is designed to assess how tobacco-related volatile organic compound (VOC) exposure contributes to cardiovascular risk factors. Our exposure measurements include a panel of 23 urinary metabolites of 18 parent VOCs and tobacco use patterns. Cardiovascular phenotyping includes measures of injury, risk, vascular biomarkers and early-vascular dysfunction. Tobacco use included use of traditional cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, waterpipe tobacco (hookah), electronic nicotine devices, little cigars, cigarillos, pipes, cigars or any other form of tobacco that is available. Enrolment began in July 2014 and is ongoing. NHIS, National Health Interview Survey.