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PCs control OS-related diseases via mediating several molecular targets and signaling pathways. PCs effectively suppress OS through repairing DNA damage, preventing lipid peroxidation, and modulating signaling pathways (e.g., Nrf2, MAPKs, NF-kB pathways) and, further, treat OS-related diseases like cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic diseases, skin disorders, and cancer. ⊕ means “to promote or enhance”; ⊖ means “to inhibit or suppress.”
