Fig 9. Both WT and ΔatpG are capable of defending their PMF in the presence of NO·.

Schematic of the respiratory chain of S. aureus depicts elements that contribute to PMF as A. Q-loops, B. active pumping by cytochrome aa₃, C. reversal of the F₁F₀ ATPase, or D. transporters of other non-proton cations (which would contribute to Δψ but not ΔpH). E. Calculation of the different components of PMF in WT and ΔatpG in the presence/absence of NO·.